Monday, November 30, 2009

THE BUSINESS HIMYAR (3)

Syrian missionaries who fled from the penalty may be entered Yemen on certain days we do not know for sure, but the first Christian ambassador to South Arabia during which we read was sent by King Constantianus at 356 under the leadership of Theophilus Indus, an Aria. Real motive behind this mission is an international political interests that period and the rivalry between the Roman empire and Persia to put his influence in the Arab region south. Theophilus succeeded in building a church in 'Adan (Aden) and two other churches in the area Himyar. Najran, who began to recognize schools Monophysite Christianity brought by a preacher from Syria called Taymiyun (Phemion), embraced this new religion around 500 AD. Ibn Hisham and al-Tabari explained to us the story of the ascetic, which was captured by Arab caravan and taken to Najran. Jacob from Saruj (w.521) wrote a letter of consolation in the language of Syria to the Najran Christians. 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second caliph, deport (635-636 AD) to the Iraqi people who are reluctant to embrace Islam. Judaism also spread in Yemen during the reign of Himyar. From there the possibility of early spreading to the North Arabian, probably as a result of the conquest of Palestine and the destruction Yarusalem by Titus in 70 AD Based on the names there, most Jews who convert to Judaism, not a direct descendant of Abraham. In the first half of the 6th century, the Hebrew religion has major influence in Yemen, so Himyar last king, Dzu-Nuwas (a descendant of Tubba 'As'ad Kamil) also embraced the Jewish religion. Apparently, all the Jews in Yemen, amounting to hundreds of thousands were kemudia moved to Israel after 1948.
Competition between the adherents of the two new monotheistic religion of South Arabia had triggered the violence. Of course, Dzu-Nuwas, which represents the spirit of nationalistic forces, people associate indigenous Christians with Christian Abissinia entrepreneur is definitely their enemy. This Jewish authorities who reported to have made a major murder against Christians besarn Najran in October 523 (Surah 85: 4-8). According to Arab literature, Dzu-Tsa'laban (or Tsu'luban) managed to save himself and ask for help to King Justin I, Byzantine king was seen as a protector of Christians. Then Justin I wrote a letter to the Negus (Najasyi) in Abissinia (in the writings of the famous Ela Caleb Ashbeha), because he is a Christian power closest to the scene. Reported Negus sent 70,000 troops across the Red Sea into the Arab lands under Asyat. The attack was included in an international political network that took place at that time: the Byzantine asked Abissinia to send the Arab tribes which were under his influence and mobilize them to fight the Persians. Abissinia forces won the battle in 523 and 525. Leaders in the second victory was Abraha who started his career as an officer under the command Aryat, but later fell out with his boss and eventually became the supreme commander. According to al-Tabari, Dzu-Nuwas, who rode fast, jumped into the waves of the sea and disappear forever. That collapse of the royal Himyar last monarchy, also marks the beginning of domination led by Abraha Aksum until 570 .. The remaining memories of the greatness of the ancient dynasty Himyar independence is the name of a tribe in the east of Aden, Himyar.

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